Power operated drill



1,5" 1970- M. cLAPP ET AL POWER` OPERATED DRILL Filed oct. s; 1958 United States Patent 3,546,976 POWER OPERATED DRILL John M. Clapp and Paul Urda, Bradford, Pa., assignors to Ingersoll-Rand Company, New York, N.Y., a corporation of New Jersey Filed Oct. 3, 1968, Ser. No. 775,227 Int. Cl. B23b 45/04, 5]/06 U.S. Cl. 77-7 7 Claims ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE A power operated drill including a rotary pneumatic motor and an atomizer providing a fine liquid spray, and wherein, during the drilling of a workpiece, air powering the motor is intermixed with the liquid spray and drives the latter onto the workpiece adjacent the drilling end of the drilling implement.

The present invention relates to power operated drills and more particularly to power operated drills of the type provided with means for directing uid onto a workpiece during the drilling operation.

Power operated drills, and especially those drills particularly adapted for metallic and similar workpieces, sometimes have been constructed such that fluid is directed onto a workpiece during the drilling of the latter. By way of example, drills for extremely hard steel workpieces have been developed which supply freon cutting fluid to a workpiece for cooling and providing a finish during the drilling operation.

An object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved drill of the type set forth which includes means for supplying a fine spray of fluid to a workpiece.

Another object of the invention is to pro-vide a new and improved drill of the type set forth which is particularly constructed and arranged such that the fluid 'spray is satisfactorily supplied to a workpiece substantially regardless of the pressure at which a component of the spray is supplied to the drill.

In accordance with the present invention, a drill may comprise a casing including a barrel having forward and rearward ends and a handle connected to the barrel, a driving motor contained in the barrel adjacent ythe rearwardtend thereof, a rotatable drilling implement adjacent the forwardend of the barrel having a forward end adapted for drilling a workpiece, means drivingly connecting the motor with the drilling implement such that operation of the motor rotatably drives the drilling implement through the connecting means, passage means extending longitudinally through the barrel for directing uid to a workpiece adjacent the forward end of the drilling implement, said passage means having a fluid receiving end adjacent the rearward end of the motor, atomizer means contained in the rearward end of the barrel adjacent the rearward end of the motor, said atomizer means comprising an atomizer body including an orice adapted `for discharging a line fluid spray, means defining a mixing chamber contained in the rearward end of the barrel adjacent the rearward end of the motor and communieating the orifice with the fluid receiving end of said passage means, first supply means in the casing connected to the orifice for supply a rst fluid to the orilice whereby the latter discharges a ne spray of the rst fluid to the mixing chamber, and second supply means in the casing connected to the mixing chamber for supplying a second fluid to the fluid spray in the mixing chamber such that the second fluid intermixes with the Huid spray and drives the latter through said passage means.

Referring to the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an elevational side view, partially broken away and in section, of a drillconstructed in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; and

FIG. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary elevational sectional yiew of the drill shown in FIG. 1.

Referring more particularly to the drawings wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout, FIG. l illustrates a pneumatically operated hand drill designated generally as 10 which comprises a housing or casing formed to include an elongated barrel 12 and a depending handle 14. The drill 10 is powered by driving means comprising a vane type, rotary pneumatic motor designated generally as 16 which is positioned in a motor chamber 18 located adjacent the rearward end of the barrel 12. The motor 16, as illustrated,l includes a rotor 20 which carries a plurality of vanes 22 and has an integral stub shaft 24, rotatably mounted by a ball-type bearing 24a, atl each of its ends. Pressurized air for operating the motor 16 is supplied to the drill 10 by a pneumatic supply hose 26 which is connected to the drill 10 at the lower end of the handle 14. The pneumatic supply hose 26 communicates with the motor chamber 18 through an air inlet passage comprising an inlet bore 28, a valve chamber 30, and a supply bore 32.

The stub shaft 24 projecting from the forward end of the rotor 20 is connected through a reduction gearing system 34 to rotatably drive a driver or driving element 36, rotatably mounted by ball-type bearings 38, at a rotary speed reduced from that of the rotor 20. The driver 36, in turn, is threadedly connected at 40 to a rotatable chuck 42 which carries a drilling implement or tool 44 having a twisted forward or working end 46 adapted for drilling a workpiece. The drilling implement 44 contains a bore 48 extending axially therethrough, and projects through the chuck 42 such that the rearward end of the drilling implement 44 is positioned in a supply chamber 52 which is formed in the forward end of the driver 36. A collet 54 snugly surrounds the driver 36 and the thereadjacent portion of the chuck 42. and is internally provided with a sealing ring 56 encircling the chuck 42.

The working end 46 of the drilling implement 44 is normally enclosed within a tool housing designated generally as 58 which is mounted for axial slidable movement relative to the drilling implement 44. The rearward end 58b of the tool housing 58 is mounted slidably around the outer surface of the barrel 12; and the tool housing 58 is normally retained with its forward end 58a in advance of the working end of the drilling implement 44 by a coil spring 60 circumferentially around the barrel 12. The coil spring 60 seats at its opposing ends on a spring seat 62 carried by the tool housing 58 and a spring housing 64 mounted on the barrel 12 and spaced from an annular shoulder 68 thereof by a spacer ring 66.

An inlet valve designated generally as 70 is provided for controlling the flow of pressurized air to the motor 16. The inlet valve 70 comprises a valve stem 72 which is slidably disposed within a bore 74, and a valve head 76, rigidly carried by one end of the valve stem 72, which is located in the valve chamber 30 of the aforementioned air inlet passage. The valve head 76 is biased by a spring 78 to a closed position wherein it preventsv air ow through the valve chamber 30. The valve stern 72 is constructed of sufficient length such that, with the valve head 76 in the seated or closed position, the end 72a of the valve stem 72 projects substantially from the bore 74.

The actuating means of the illustrated drill 10 is particularly constructed and arranged such that the inlet valve 70 is automatically triggered to an open position in response to the engagement of the tool housing 58 with a workpiece. More particularly, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the

tool housing 58 is keyed by a locking ball 84 to a flange 86 which is pinned to one end of an elongated actuating rod 90. The opposing end of the actuating rod 90 is slidably supported in a bore 92 formed axially in a tubular connecting member 94 which is, in turn, slidably carried by a supporting sleeve 96 projecting from the handle 14.

A wall of the connecting member 94 includes a pocket 100 containing a locking ball 102 which, with the drill in the non-operating condition illustrated in FIG. 1, locks the actuating rod 90 to the connecting member 94 for conjoined axial movement. The supporting sleeve 96, however, includes a recess 104 which is arranged to be connected to the pocket 100 after the actuating rod 90 and connecting member 94 have conjointly moved a predetermined axial distance. Thus, after this conjoined movement of the actuating rod 90 and the connecting member 94, the locking ball 102 moves into the recess 104 to key the connecting member 94 to the supporting sleeve 96 and permit additional axial movement of the actuating rod 90 independently of the connecting member 94.

The connecting member 94 includes an end 106 which is slidably supported by a mounting pin 108 carried by the handle 14. An actuating lever 110 is pivotally mounted on the handle 14 intermediate the end 106 and the end 72a of the valve stem 72. The actuating lever 110, as illustrated in FIG. 1, includes a linger-like portion 114 engaging the end 106 and also has an end engaging the end 72a: of the valve stem 72. Thus, axial movement of the connecting member 94 causes pivotal movement of the actuating lever 110 which, in turn, urges the inlet valve 70 to an open position.

A supply hose 116, communicating with a pressurized source (not shown) of oil. Freon cutting fluid or other liquid suitable for treating a workpiece during the drilling operation, is connected to the handle 14 at the lower end of the latter. The handle 14 contains a valve chamber 118 communicating with the supply hose 116 and also communicating with one end of a supply passage 120 which at its opposing end is connected to an annular groove 128. A valve designated generally as 130 is located in the valve chamber 118- for controlling the flow of liquid from the supply hose 116 to the supply passage 120. The illustrated valve 130, per se, is of conventional construction and includes a valve body 132 threadedly located in the valve chamber 118 and carrying a valving element 134 controlling the ilow of fluid through the valve chamber 118. The valving element 134 is biased by a spring (not shown) contained in the valve body 132 to a closed position |wherein it prevents fluid low through the valve chamber 118. The valving element 134, moreover, is connected to an actuating rod 136 whereby movement of the actuating rod 136 into the valve body 132 shifts the valving element 134 to an open position and thereby permits liquid ow through the valve chamber 118 to the supply passage 120. The arrangement of the valving element 134, as will be understood, is such that the pressure of the liquid supplied by the supply hose 116 biases the valving element `134 to its closed position.

The valve head 76 carries an elongated actuator 138 which projects into the valve chamber 118. The actuator 138 is aligned with the actuating rod 136 and constructed of suitable length such that, with the actuating rod 136 in its illustrated position and the valving element 134 in its closed position, the actuator 138 projects into the valve chamber 118, but is sufliciently spaced from the actuating rod 136 to enable the valve 70 to be opened before the actuator 138 engages the actuating rod 136 to shift the valving element 134 to an open position. Thus, the actuator 138 engages the actuating rod 136 to open the valve 130, but does so only after the valve 70 has been previously opened to initiate ow of pressurized air to the motor 16.

In the illustrated embodiment of the present invention, the liquid supplied through the supply bore is transformed into a fine liquid spray or mist which is driven by other iluid through a passage means and onto a workpiece. More particularly, as illustrated, the inner circumference of the annular groove 128 is bounded by the outer circumference of a cap element 146 which is connected by threads 148 in a recess at the rearward end of the barrel 12. Fluid leakage from the groove 128 around the cap element 146 is prevented by sealing rings 152, 154 positioned circumferentially around the cap element 146 on opposing sides of the groove 128. The cap element 146 is formed to contain an open ended, supply chamber 156 and a radially extending supply bore 158 which communicates the supply chamber 156 with the annular groove 128.

An atomizer means or atomizer designated generally as 160 is provided for transforming the liquid received by the supply chamber 156 into the aforementioned fine liquid spray. The atomizer 160, as illustrated, includes an atomizer body 162 having an enlarged head 164 sealingly received in the open end of the supply chamber 156 and containing a counterbore 166 communicating with the supply chamber 156. The atomizer body 162 includes a relatively large diameter, axial bore 168 communicating at one end with the counterbore 166 and at the other end connected to a narrow diameter axial bore 170 terminating in an orice or nozzle 172 adapted to discharge the ne liquid spray. The orifice 172 is arranged to discharge into a mixing chamber 174, formed in the stub shaft 24 at the rearward end of the rotor 20, which communicates with the bore 48 in the drilling implement 44 through a passage means 176 having portions formed in the rotor 20, the other stub shaft 24, elements 37 and 39, and including the supply chamber 52.

In addition, an exhaust passage 178 is connected to bleed a minor portion of the exhaust air from the motor chamber 18 to a passage 182. The passage 182 communicates with the mixing chamber 174 through an annular space or passage 184 formed circumferentially around a portion of the atomizer body 162 and having a narrow diameter section intermediate the atomizer body 162 and the surrounding stub shaft 24. Leakage from the annular space 184 is prevented by sealing rings 186, 188. Thus, during the operation of the motor 16, a minor portion of the exhaust air flows through the passage 182 and annular space 184 to the mixing chamber 174. In the mixing chamber 174, this minor portion of the exhaust air intermixes with the liquid spray provided by the atomizer 160 and propels or drives such liquid spray through the passage means 176 and the bore 48 in the drilling implement 44 onto the workpiece. It will be understood, however, that alternatively air from the inlet passage communicating the supply hose 26 with the motor chamber 18, or other suitable available fluid the pressure of which is independent of that of the supplied liquid, could be supplied to the mixing chamber 174 for this purpose.

From the preceding description, itwill be seen that, with the drill 10 in non-operating condition as illustrated in FIG. l, the inlet valve 70 and the valve 130 are maintained in closed positions. Thus, at this time, the inlet valve 70 prevents pressurized air from flowing to the motor 16; and the valve 130 similarly prevents liquid from flowing to the supply chamber 156 through the supply passage 120, the annular groove 128 and the supply bore 158.

However, when the tool housing 58 is engaged with a workpiece, the tool housing 58 is urged rearwardly against its biasing spring 60. This movement of the tool housing 58 causes the drilling end 46 of the drilling implement 44 to engage the workpiece and, as the actuating rod 90 is locked to the connecting member 94 by the locking ball 102 as shown in FIG. 1, simultanously provides conjoined axial moxement of the actuating rod 90 and the connecting member 94 and resultant pivotal movement of the actuating lever 110. Thus, the inlet valve 70 is urged to an open position wherein pressurized air from the pneumatic supply hose 26 flows to the motor 16 through the aforementioned air inlet passage. The inlet valve 70 and the valve 130, as aforedescribed, are suitably arranged such that the mere opening of the inlet valve 70 has no effect upon the valve 130.

The continued rearward movement of the tool housing 58, however, acts (through the actuating rod 90, the connecting member 94, and the actuating lever 110) to sufficiently displace the inlet valve 70 such that the actuator 138 urges the valve 130 to an open position. Thus, although the initial actuation of the motor 16 (and hence the initial portion of the drilling operation) is not accompanied by liquid flow to the supply chamber 156, the succeeding portions of the drilling operation are accompanied by such liquid flow. [It will be understood, however, that, if desired, liquid flow could be provided during the initial portion of the drilling operation by providing the drill with a suitably constructed drill template (not shown).]

, The liquid, thus supplied to the supply chamber 156, flows through the bores 166, 168, 170 in the atomizer body 162 and is discharged by the orifice 172 into the mixing chamber 174 in a fine liquid spray. Simultaneously, exhaust air from the motor chamber 18 flows through the passage 182 and annular space 184 into the mixing chamber 174. This exhaust air intermixes with and entrains the fine liquid spray in the mixing chamber 174 and propels or drives such liquid spray through the passage means 176 and bore 48 onto the workpiece. This flow of the liquid spray and exhaust air continues throughout the subsequent operation of the drill 10. Thus, as air powering the motor 16 is employed as the motive force for propelling the liquid spray onto the workpiece, the pressure of the liquid supplied to the drill 10 is of importance only in driving the liquid to the atomizer 160. As a result, the drill 10` is effective to satisfactorily supply the liquid to the workpiece substantially regardless of the pressure, or variances in the pressure, of the liquid supplied to the drill 10.

When the tool housing 58 has been sufficiently rearwardly displaced to align the slots 100, 104, the locking ball 102 unlocks the actuating rod 90 from the connecting member 94. Thus, although the inlet valve 70 and the valve 130 are maintained in open positions during subsequent drilling in the workpiece, the actuating rod 90 moves axially relative to the connecting member 94. This relative axial movement enables the drilling implement 44 to form a deeper bore than would be possible were the actuating rod 90 and the connecting member 94 continuously connected for conjoined axial movement.

After the drilling operation, the removal of the drill 10 from the workpiece enables the spring 60 to return the tool housing 58 to its illustrated position, whereupon the inlet valve 70 and valve 130 are automatically returned to closed positions. The drill 10l is then ready to comrnence another operating cycle which proceeds in the afore-described manner.

From the foregoing it will be seen that we have provided new and improved means for accomplishing all of the objects and advantages of the invention. It will be understood, however, that, although we have illustrated and herenbefore specifically described only a single embodiment of the invention, the invention is not limited merely to this single embodiment, but rather contemplates other embodiments and variations within the scope of the following claims.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

l.' A power operated drill comprising a casing including a barrel having forward and rearward ends and a handle connected to said barrel, a driving motor contained in said barrel adjacent the rearward end thereof, a rotatable drilling implement adjacent the forward end of said barrel having a forward end adapted for drilling a workpiece, means drivingly connecting said motor with said drilling implement such that operation of said motor rotatably drives said drilling implement through said connecting means, passage means extending longitudinally through said barrel for directing fluid to a workpiece adjacent said forward end of said drilling implement, said passage means having a fluid receiving end adjacent the rearward end of said motor, atomizer means contained in the rearward end of said barrel adjacent the rearward end of said motor, said atomizer means comprising an atomizer body including an orifice adapted for discharging a line fluid spray, means defining a mixing chamber contained in the rearward end of said barrel adjacent the rearward end of said motor and communicating said orifice with the fluid receiving end of said passage means, first supply means in said casing connected to said orifice for supplying a first fluid to said orifice whereby the latter discharges a fine spray of the first fluid to said mixing chamber, and second supply means in said casing connected to said mixing chamber for supplying a second fluid to the fluid spray in said mixing chamber such that the second fluid intermixes with the fluid spray and drives the latter through said passage means.

2. A power operated drill according to claim 1, wherein said motor is fluid powered and said second supply means communicates said motor with said mixing chamber to supply exhaust fluid from said motor to said mixing chamber.

3. A power operated drill according to claim 1, wherein said motor is fluid powered and comprises a rotor and a plurality of vanes connected to said rotor, said rotor having a shaft projecting from each of opposite ends thereof and one of said shafts containing said mixing chamber.

4. A power operated drill according to claim 3, wherein said shaft containing said mixing chamber is at the rearward end of said rotor.

5. A power operated drill according to claim 4, wherein a cap is mounted on the rearward end of said barrel, said cap defining a supply chamber communicating with said orice for supplying the first fluid thereto, and said atomizer body extends internally of said shaft containing said mixing chamber.

6. A power operated drill according to claim 5, wherein said supply chamber is peripherally bounded by said cap, said cap contains a radical bore communicating at one end with said supply chamber to supply the first fluid thereto, and means define a groove encircling said cap in communication with the other end of said radical bore for supplying the fluid to the latter.

7. A power operated drill according to claim 1, wherein said motor is air powered, said second supply means is connected to supply air powering said motor to said mixing chamber, and said first supply means is adapted to supply Freon cutting fluid to said orifice.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,421,392 l/ 1969 -Bangerter et al. 77-7 3,398,609 8/1968 Schott 77-7 FRANCIS S. HUSAR, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. 77-55 

